Arch Record
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Morphosis Creates a Guiding Light for La Défense
December 13, 2006
       
On November 24, Morphosis, with Thom Mayne, was chosen in a competition to design the “Phare,†or Beacon Tower, in La Défense, an area of office towers west of Paris.
Unibail, developer of the tower in partnership with EPAD, the public body for area development, calls the Morphosis project a symbol of “rupture†with the past. To be completed in 2012, it marks the first stage in the renaissance of La Défense.
Located between the Grande Arche and the 1958 exhibition hall CNIT, Morphosis’s 68-story, $1.1 billion project seems to grow organically from the site. An undulating double skin on the southern elevation comprises a layer of glass over steel panels that have been perforated to appear transparent while limiting heat gain. The flatter northern facade is clear-glazed. At the base, a flap opens in the building’s skin like a slit skirt, exposing office floors around a 197-foot-high lobby the opens the building to the public and the adjacent mass transit station, creating what Mayne describes as a “vertical piazza.â€
The design features several eco-friendly characteristics in addition to southern shading. The tower rises 984 feet above the plaza to a ragged top edge of steel, constituting what the architects call a “wind farm,†which will provide some electricity to the fans in the building’s natural ventilation system.
Also to be built in La Défense is the 50-story Generali by French architects Valode et Pistre, who have put giant wind turbines and an army of solar panels on top of their tower to help generate electricity and hot water.
Jean Nouvel, one of the 10 architects in the competition that included Rem Koolhaas and Norman Foster, had already designed a tower for the Phare—also known as Tour Signal—site in 1989; his cylindrical “Tour Sans Fin†was never built.