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VIA Rail

This seems a bit dependent on living close to YTZ. You'd be closer to 2 hrs if you started at Union and weren't walking distance.

The math needs to be for a hypothetical business traveler (the highest yielding pax). So from Bay and Adelaide basically.

And the results may also be skewed if one factors in travel to business locations that are beyond the King-Bay core… Yonge/Bloor, University Hospital Network, Eglinton/Yonge, etc etc

- Paul
 
Travel times should be compared entrance to entrance. So,the entrance to a station to the entrance to the other station, or the entrance to an airport to the entrance to the other airport. Who care about moving time when planning your day?
 
This seems a bit dependent on living close to YTZ. You'd be closer to 2 hrs if you started at Union and weren't walking distance.

Absolutely. My intention was to show the previously provided 75 minute Toronto to Ottawa time was not realistic as even under very close to ideal circumstances the best I managed was 90 minutes; and odds were pretty high on missing that specific flight.
 
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This seems a bit dependent on living close to YTZ. You'd be closer to 2 hrs if you started at Union and weren't walking distance.
The express shuttle bus from Union to Eireann Quay isn't that slow.

Personally from out in the east end, we use taxis most of the time.
 
A trip of 450 km is rarely going to be quicker taking a train vs flying, even with the time it takes to go to the airport and get through security. HSR could make it competitive, but a slow old Via will never. You take the train because it's more comfortable and you spend more time sitting in your seat and less time going through security and walking to the gate etc.
 
Something I don't get about the venture luggage racks is that there are no nets.

I thought that after the Burlington accident TSB required VIA to put nets in the baggage areas to prevent stuff from flying all over the place.
 
A trip of 450 km is rarely going to be quicker taking a train vs flying, even with the time it takes to go to the airport and get through security. HSR could make it competitive, but a slow old Via will never. You take the train because it's more comfortable and you spend more time sitting in your seat and less time going through security and walking to the gate etc.
Unless trains are doing 250-300+ km/hr, it come a saw off for trains doing 200km. When traveling in Europe, I look at the travel time between X and Y and compare it to airplane travel time that it is faster to fly than take the train. Overnight trains are totally off my radar after 2 bad experience where I lost haft a day waiting for a new locomotive to replace a dead one with no water or lights.

I will drive to Ottawa and Montral than fly or take the train to them.
 
A trip of 450 km is rarely going to be quicker taking a train vs flying, even with the time it takes to go to the airport and get through security. HSR could make it competitive, but a slow old Via will never. You take the train because it's more comfortable and you spend more time sitting in your seat and less time going through security and walking to the gate etc.

And usually going downtown to downtown. I'm a train person so the trade-offs are easy for me, but having that more direct linkage is important to me.
 
Unless trains are doing 250-300+ km/hr, it come a saw off for trains doing 200km. When traveling in Europe, I look at the travel time between X and Y and compare it to airplane travel time that it is faster to fly than take the train. Overnight trains are totally off my radar after 2 bad experience where I lost haft a day waiting for a new locomotive to replace a dead one with no water or lights.

I will drive to Ottawa and Montral than fly or take the train to them.
Driving isn't without it's problems. At least one a month some part of the road is closed due to an accident. That can easily add an hour to your trip. Not to mention weather delays.
 
Driving isn't without it's problems. At least one a month some part of the road is closed due to an accident. That can easily add an hour to your trip. Not to mention weather delays.
I think this can be summarised as a risk vs. return debate. VIA may require less effort than driving yourself, but there's a trade off in the initial waiting time, and the comforts of private travel vs. public, but most important is the risk on VIA of a rare catastrophic delay, which they seem not able to handle effectively. It's a puzzle, but if you want low-risk with some sacrifice of comfort, you drive. If you want to take on the high return of the convenience of VIA, you also take on the risk of a horrible delay experience, so it is perceived as a much higher risk compared to driving.
 
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Ottawa-Toronto is not just CN and Metrolinx slots but CP as well (Smiths Falls). My understanding is that adding 641 maxed out VIA's agreed slots through there.
Indeed, the number of Toronto-Ottawa slots is capped at the 10 trains per direction and day VIA operated pre-Covid and with the reactivation of trains 42 and 55 as of originally announced for next Monday but now postponed until at least March 2026, VIA is might soon be hitting that limit once again:
1758970820638.png

Note: frequencies shown for 2025-09-29 include the now postponed reactivations of daily trains 42 and 55.

I think it wouldn't hurt to have a later time slot than leaving Ottawa at 6pm.

If it left at 7:30 it could arrive at 12:30 before Union station closes.

It's too bad they can't have a 4am departure for a 9am arrival in Ottawa. I guess this is a limitation or having staff at Union and It would be pointless to have it start at Guildwood since you would miss downtown customers.
As I said above, Union Station is not the constraint here. Westbound, VIA had to sacrifice the old Train 43 (shown below as the OT-12 slot) to create Train 641 (OT-8) on 1234___ and a new Train 43 (OT-14) on 1____5_7:
1758971846152.png

Note: departures shown for 2025-09-29 include the now postponed reactivation of train 55 (OT-20).

If we look Eastbound, you would have to sacrifice one of the hourly departures between 12.30 and 6.30 pm - and I would assume that there is a good reason why VIA operates so many Ottawa-bound trains out of Toronto:
1758972215515.png

Note: departures shown for 2025-09-29 include the now postponed reactivations of train 42 (TO-12).

1:50 am departure for 7am arrival? Given that there is a slot that CN allows. Could you get to Montreal by 9am?
Same here, just that the bottleneck is called "Coteau" and not "Smiths Falls" (and, of course, that you have less options when deciding which train you'd be willing to sacrifice):
1758972357558.png

FLIX bus has a 2am departure from STC with arrival in Ottawa around 7am.
Just because there is apparently enough demand to operate a 50-seat vehicle in addition to its other departures does not mean that you can justify moving the departure of a 400-seat train to a similar slot...
 
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Indeed, the number of Toronto-Ottawa slots is capped at the 10 trains per direction and day VIA operated pre-Covid and with the reactivation of trains 42 and 55 as of next Monday, VIA is hitting that limit once again:
View attachment 684005

As I said above, Union Station is not the constraint here. Westbound, VIA had to sacrifice the old Train 43 (shown below as the OT-12 slot) to create Train 641 (OT-8) on 1234___ and a new Train 43 (OT-14) on 1____5_7:
View attachment 684006
If we look Eastbound, you would have to sacrifice one of the hourly departures between 12.30 and 6.30 pm - and I would assume that there is a good reason why VIA operates so many Ottawa-bound trains out of Toronto:
View attachment 684007

Same here, just that the bottleneck is called "Coteau" and not "Smiths Falls" (and, of course, that you have less options when deciding which train you'd be willing to sacrifice):
View attachment 684008

Just because there is apparently enough demand to operate a 50-seat vehicle in addition to its other departures does not mean that you can justify moving the departure of a 400-seat train to a similar slot...

Excellent info, as always @Urban Sky

Questions(s). for you, or @reaperexpress

1) Working with the existing infrastructure and freight schedules is there theoretical room for any additional slots for VIA, within the desirable time ranges that could be negotiated wiht CN/CP, in theory?

2) If not, what is the lowest level of infrastructure investment that would be required to open up new slots, (passing track, rail to rail grade separations, switches/turnounts, etc) and would there be any credible case for the investment, when considering dollars to sustained revenue/service gain

3) Would any of the above investments overlap, to a high certainty with any HSR plan, such that they could be considered an 'early work' advancing the later.

4) Finally, is there 'room' and any logic, to using a portion of the existing CP mainline (Bellevillle) route to bypass any congestion in the CN corridor for even a couple of slots a day? There are multiple crossings/connections between Oshsawa and Belleville.
 
Excellent info, as always @Urban Sky
Thanks! I made that timetable archive and database so that nobody else has to collect and dive through these timetables to make any such timetable analyses. As always, anyone interested in using that database can just let me know and I’ll create a sharable copy!
Questions(s). for you, or @reaperexpress

1) Working with the existing infrastructure and freight schedules is there theoretical room for any additional slots for VIA, within the desirable time ranges that could be negotiated wiht CN/CP, in theory?
There are not really any capacity limits rather than that VIA only holds the rights to the number of slots they operated pre-Covid and any increase beyond that needs to be negotiated and CN and CP will extract something they value in return of any concession…
2) If not, what is the lowest level of infrastructure investment that would be required to open up new slots, (passing track, rail to rail grade separations, switches/turnounts, etc) and would there be any credible case for the investment, when considering dollars to sustained revenue/service gain
That’s subject to negotiation, but if you compare VIA’s operating budget with either Class I host railroad’s total revenues, it’s clear that VIA has little to offer to them…
3) Would any of the above investments overlap, to a high certainty with any HSR plan, such that they could be considered an 'early work' advancing the later.
From memory, the three main bottlenecks between Montreal, Ottawa and Toronto are the respective yards in Coteau, Smiths Falls and Belleville. I would expect that any HSR route would avoid these bottlenecks…
4) Finally, is there 'room' and any logic, to using a portion of the existing CP mainline (Bellevillle) route to bypass any congestion in the CN corridor for even a couple of slots a day? There are multiple crossings/connections between Oshsawa and Belleville.
To quote my own response to virtually the same question over at groups.io:
Just to volunteer some points to consider:
- Need to identify a point to switch from CN to CP (the connection track at Taschereau Yard is not practical)
- Need to identify a point to switch from CP back to CN (Don branch is not serviceable and Oshawa‘s car plant tracks not practical)
- Need to consider track speeds on the CP Subdivisions (Track Class 4 limits passenger speeds to 80 mph)
- Need to qualify crews and negotiate track access

I‘m not sure we can formulate a problem for which this could possibly become a viable solution…
 
Excellent info, as always @Urban Sky

Questions(s). for you, or @reaperexpress

1) Working with the existing infrastructure and freight schedules is there theoretical room for any additional slots for VIA, within the desirable time ranges that could be negotiated wiht CN/CP, in theory?

2) If not, what is the lowest level of infrastructure investment that would be required to open up new slots, (passing track, rail to rail grade separations, switches/turnounts, etc) and would there be any credible case for the investment, when considering dollars to sustained revenue/service gain

3) Would any of the above investments overlap, to a high certainty with any HSR plan, such that they could be considered an 'early work' advancing the later.

4) Finally, is there 'room' and any logic, to using a portion of the existing CP mainline (Bellevillle) route to bypass any congestion in the CN corridor for even a couple of slots a day? There are multiple crossings/connections between Oshsawa and Belleville.
While not either of the above, I feel like I can offer some perspective here.

Question 1 - While I think that sorting the current issues out with CN will go a long way towards helping this. As Urban Sky has correctly pointed out, VIA has maxed out its crossing slots through Smiths Falls, and considering how hard CP fought against it VIA is unlikely to get more. (Sure, they can try and negotiate this with CPKC, but I don't see this being successful.) VIA is already running an hourly service for a large part of the day east of Toronto - which means that most of the trains in service each day are in service at this time. It strikes me that there is some room to grow at the edges of the service period - early or later trains - by increasing the utilization of the trainsets. But it will be tricky to add much more service to the edges of the system (Ontario Southwestern, Québec City).

I think that your question 2 is unfortunately superseded by question 3 - no amount of money is going to be worth investing in the infrastructure or equipment if it will be of little-to-no benefit to VIA (or any passenger rail service) in the mid-to-long term. And considering the lead times required to acquire either, you run the risk even if the decision to go ahead with any improvements is made that you get no utility from it before ALTO goes live.

As for question 4 - my inclination is "no". It would require a substantial investment of both money and time in terms of getting agreements, training and certifying operators, certifying equipment (vis-a-vis speeds), infrastructure such as stations, etc.

And connections? You may want to check them again, as the ones that currently exist aren't conducive to providing an efficient passenger service. That's not to say that they couldn't be rebuilt (and in fact, both CN and CP have built temporary interchanges in times of duress), but it would also require a long and hard look at where it makes sense to so and what the impact on the respective operations will be.

Dan
 
Thank you @smallspy and @Urban Sky for the thoughtful replies above.

On connections, I did comingle this with 'crossings' meaning points at which the lines cross on a map, I didn't ground truth (or aerial photo check) the viability of connections at each of these points.

I figured those of you more expert in such things would know that better than I ....
 

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