I do want to respond to the technical question about how the underground expressway's on/off ramps would merge with the surface roadways. Richmond and Adelaide Streets between Bathurst and the DVP are four lanes each. Richmond does narrow down slightly west of John St., though it widens again just east of Portland. For that reason it's necessary to have the on/off ramps only along the four lane stretches. I would also stagger them. Have the two left lanes for flow-through traffic. Of the remaining two lanes, have the right-most lane for a bike path (only permissible where Richmond is four lanes wide; permissible for the entire length of Adelaide from Bathurst eastwards). Have the inside right lane (second from the right-most lane) as the lane for the on/off ramps and merges, as well as for parking (to reduce the violence of the roadway for pedestrians and cyclists). For example, there might be an off ramp from the expressway to the surface of Adelaide just east of Bathurst, which will require approx. 200 metres of merge room after the tunnel exit, which could then be followed by a row of parked cars, and finally followed by 200 metres of merge room before the on ramp. This configuration simply repeats, such that there are three or four on ramps staggered with three or four off ramps from Bathurst to the DVP. So, we have two fast flowing lanes on the left; a lane for tunnel on/off ramps, merges, and some parking; and finally on the right-most lane, a bike-lane. So the off-ramp merge-lane is never shared with the on-ramp merge lane, because it's always separated by a row of parking, but only one lane of traffic is dedicated to ramps and merges. I would keep merge lanes away from important north-south pedestrian corridors like John St., Spadina, Yonge, and Jarvis. Have the merges in the stretches of roadway with the least redeeming qualities. Then make King, Queen, John, Lakeshore Blvd., Front, and Wellington (between Clarence Square and Victoria Memorial Park) something special. Add ROW's for the streetcars on Queen AND King streets eventually. I'd love to see a ROW on College eventually, but that's another battle. The DRL stations will be located equidistantly between King and Queen (well, they end up being closer to Queen, because Richmond is very close to Queen and Adelaide is only slightly closer to King than it is to Queen). As mentioned, this makes the subway location similar to Montreal's Line One: parallel to and between two major streets (Sherbrooke and St. Catherine). In the expressway tunnel itself, the two left lanes are highway, the right-most lane is for merges, on/off ramps, and shoulder/service. The expressway is on the widest tunnel deck. The subway (single direction) is on the other deck. As mentioned, this plan requires two tunnels east of Bathurst. West of Bathurst, where the DRL isn't tunneled with the expressway, both directions of the DRL can be in one tunnel, on separate decks.