VIA is going to have to de-carbonize it's entire network and the only way to do it is hydrogen. Can you imagine VIA putting up 7,000 km of catenary?
This is why, even if they electrify the Tor-QC portion, they are going to have to go hydrogen with the entire rest of the country. This will be done with hydrogen locomotives, not fuel cells. Contrary to what some think, all fuel cells require hydrogen but not all hydrogen requires fuel cells. Hydrogen locomotives, unlike fuell cells, are 100% ICE vehicles. Essentially it's kind of like transforming a diesel over to natural gas..................a different fuel source and some minor changes and new tanks but the engine stays the same. Compared to transforming diesel locos over to electric, it's a breeze and MUCH cheaper.
They don't enjoy any of the added benefits of electric like faster de/acceleration, higher potential speeds, cheaper maintenance, quieter ride, less vibrations, but they do have slightly less NO emissions {ie good old fashion pollution}. Really they only offer one meaningful benefit but it's a whopper...............no GHG emissions. This is why freight companies are looking at hydrogen locomotives as it is their only option for net-zero. The added benefit is that hydrogen infrastructure is growing and prices are plunging while oil is much higher than what was forecast just a few years ago and very soon will be equivalent in price as hydrogen prices could drop by upwards of 85% by the end of the decade.