why can't we simply make 510 and 512 faster (by removing some stops) so that they can realize their full potential and function like LRTs?
Because in order to make it faster you both have to remove stops AND reduce and eliminate with the traffic light delays. If you remove the stops alone, it may not be faster. If you remove traffic lights alone (made it elevated or underground), but the stops are still 200m apart, then it won't be that much faster.
Also, as I keep mentioning, the other difference is that multi-unit coupling of trains mean Sheppard would still carry 2x the amount of people per train/driver than St Clair. If your max frequency is say every 3-5 min, the larger train increases the capacity of the line.
People have such negative impression of them precisely because they operate in the slowest and less efficient way. For example, Nassau stop is 220 meters from College st. NB Richmond stop is 80 m from Queen stop. Seriously, a stop at King, Richmond and Queen, when King and Queen are hardly 400 meters apart?
Can't blame people.
I don't disagree with that, but to claim that Sheppard or especially Eglinton will be like that is inaccurate. They are much faster.
I'm not blaming, I'm trying to explain what you asked, the difference between Sheppard/Finch LRTs and Spadina/St Clair.
it matters because underground rail doesn't need to stop for traffic lights or left turning cars.
HUGE difference in terms of speed reliability.
Whether it is technically LRT or subway hardly matters to 99% of riders.
There are other factors to consider as well. What is the average delay due to traffic light? How far apart are the traffic lights (how many?). What percentage of time does it give the red light to the street the transit vehicle is on?
For example, on Sheppard between Pharmacy and Warden, there is 800m of street
without any traffic signal. Other parts average about 400m per intersection.
On St Clair, the traffic lights are every 200m, sometimes even down to 100m. Which do you think would be faster for
any surface vehicle?
When you say left turning cars, there are different scenarios. A King streetcar could wait the entire green cycle waiting for the left turning vehicle in front of it. A Spadina streetcar will wait maximum the left turn signal phase, it isn't directly behind the left-turning vehicle.