More good news............
Czech has just ordered 120 new battery-electric trains from Skoda. They were already using some BEMUs and found them reliable and cost efficient enough to greatly expand the fleet.
Seeing Go's current "plans" of electrification are going precisely no where there is an alternative to both catenary and battery...........electro-diesel battery power. These EDMUs are not as a clean or efficient as pure catenary but are a good stepping stone to reach pure electric power but at a lower cost, much faster implementation, and still many of the benefits of pure electric power. They do not have to be EMUs as can also be applied to locomotives. They are a good option for a system like GO with a massive loco & carriage rolling stock.
Essentially they are a more modern form of a DEMU. They still have a diesel engine BUT have a large battery pack. Most of the power used on trains is stopping and starting just like cars & planes. The trains run on diesel during the stretches BETWEEN stations but when slowing down/accelerating into stations, the battery power kicks in. They can be configured to the amount of battery/diesel power they want. So, for example, as the train arrives/departs from a station as soon as the trains reduces/increases their speed to 70-80 km an hour, the train is a battery one and exceeding that speed, the diesel engine kicks in not only running the train but also recharging the batteries while it's doing it.
This setup has several advantages. These EDMUs enjoys much better performance on de/acceleration, are quieter and smoother near stations, reduce emissions very significantly and particulate matter even more so, they require far fewer batteries to weigh down the train and much of the weight of the batteries are offset by having to carry far less fuel, the batteries last longer, they require almost no new recharging facilities except usually at terminus stations, they consume vastly less fuel, are a great transition technology especially for large fleets like Toronto, they are remarkably easy and affordable to implement and the cost of the new batteries is is quickly paid off by reduced fuel costs, and do not need new training for staff as they are still, at their core, ICE vehicles. Essentially, all locos have batteries and these are just adding more of them.