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It may not be quite as simple as just stacking the tunnels. Looking at a map of the depth of bedrock, you can see that this section is where the line would transition from shale bedrock to soil. Given the likely gradual incline of the tunnels, this would lead to a relatively long transition zone...

Great article, really highlights some of the issues often not considered by the layperson when thinking of tunneling. For example, twin-bore tunneling can be greatly affected by the time dependent swelling of the rock. If there is a delay in one TBM, the stress redistribution after the first...

The restrictions built into these projects is one of the most fascinating aspects to me. Transit projects in particular are very interesting, and I would encourage everyone to read more into the problems that face these sorts of projects. It is a very unique combination of restrictions from...

You are absolutely correct. I was hoping to outline this by mentioning that cut and cover is still a useful option. it may just not be applicable to every scenario. Eglinton Avenue I am sure has many utilities located beneath it, likely even some trunk lines, but relocating a junction and...

While cut and cover may seem less labour intensive, the surface 'disruption' can be severe. This is not just in regards to traffic due to closing of a road. There are many other factors to consider. The permitting and obtaining of utility locates is a time and labour intensive process. There...

This is indeed something that was considered for the relief line project. There is considerably more liability due to surface movements on private buildings and residences than on public infrastructure (such as roads). However, one might expect there to be less surface movement when boring...